Volume 15, Issue 3, July-August 2024

Human Activity Recognition (HAR) Using Machine Learning: A Comprehensive Review
Pages: 1-5 (5) | [Full Text] PDF (230K)
Tehreem Zahid
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan

Abstract - Human Activity Recognition (HAR) in smartphones. It has appeared as a crucial area of research with applications spanning healthcare, sports, security, and smart environments. Machine learning techniques have played a vital role in HAR systems, assisting the automatic detection and classification of human activities based on sensor data. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of recent developments in HAR using machine learning techniques. We discuss various sensors used in HAR systems, datasets commonly used for evaluation, and the challenges associated with real-world implementation. Additionally, we survey different machine learning algorithms and architectures utilized for HAR, highlighting their strengths and limitations. Furthermore, we analyze recent trends, open challenges, and future research directions in the field of HAR using machine learning.
 Index Terms - HAR, Machine Learning, Algorithms, Applications, Challenges, Accelerometers, Gyroscopes, Barometer, Magnetometer and Future Directions
IoT-Based Techniques for Early Pest and Disease Detection in Crops: A Review
Pages: 6-13 (8) | [Full Text] PDF (398K)
Abiha Ayub, Zareena Tanveer, M. Junaid Arshad
Department of Computer Science, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan

Abstract - Transformative impact of technology has revolutionized how farmers monitor and safeguard their crops. Sensors and other precision farming equipment have indeed made it more efficient and accurate to detect pests and diseases of crops early on, allowing farmers to take timely actions to minimize potential damage because of these pests and diseases. Early detection of pests and diseases plays an important role in maximizing crop yield and quality. By using modern technologies like pest detection sensors, farmers can proactively address issues before they escalate further, ultimately reducing yield loss and ensuring a healthier harvesting of crops. Moreover, the ability to receive real-time data from the field encourages farmers to not only make decisions about crops, such as watering the plants, fertilization, and the precautionary measures for pest controlling but also contributes to sustainable agricultural practices by minimal use of resources and inputs. This paper aims to explore four distinct techniques for early detection of crop pests and diseases, which are Thermography, Fluorescence, Hyper Spectral, and Gas Chromatography Disease Detection Method, which are crucial for preventing crop loss because of different diseases and pests. Our approach involves a comprehensive discussion of each technology's capabilities in detecting crop pests and diseases at an early stage. Following this, we will conduct a comparative analysis of these techniques, evaluating them based on various parameters to determine their effectiveness in different scenarios and their accuracy.
 Index Terms - Internet of Things (IoT), Disease Detection Method, Agriculture, Early Pest Detection and Accuracy
IP-Traceback through Packet Marking Technique for DoS Attack Prevention over the Cloud
Pages: 14-19 (6) | [Full Text] PDF (261K)
Lea Yue Wang, Chou Kung Yi
Department of Computer Science and Information Technology (CS&IT), Korea

Abstract - The DoS (Denial of Service) attacks are the major problem of network security in present years and to protect the network from these attacks, research is implemented in the key streams of network security. The packet marking is always required to track a few details of packet as its sender and the status toward reaching the receiver. In most cases, packets transmitted by a sender are dropped or data in its present form are corrupted, or even may lose the packets permanently. Therefore, an efficient packet marking technique is always required to mark the packet by the IP address of source node and the path follows by it. A solution is presented through the graph reconstruction procedure targeting the source node location and the packet marking technique is done at router’s location, when the attack related to denial-of service is happening.
 Index Terms - Deniel of Service, Cloud, Prevention, Probability and Packet Marking
Integration of VoIP and IoT to Modernize Healthcare System
Pages: 20-25 (6) | [Full Text] PDF (387K)
Nimra Akram
Department of Computer Science, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore

Abstract - Over the past few years, telemedicine research outputs have surged due to the COVID-19 epidemic. According to published research, one way to combat the COVID-19 epidemic is to use telemedicine to get medical care from a distance. In this survey paper, I examine a number of articles on telemedicine and eHealth, focusing on the topics included in the articles—among other things i.e., wireless technologies and architectures in eHealth, communication protocols, quality of services and experience standards. For those who are unfamiliar with telemedicine, I also include an introductory overview. This survey examines a number of telecom technologies that are currently being considered, as well as the requirements and difficulties associated with them. Generally speaking, a thorough overview of the advancements in telemedicine standards, protocols, and technology is discussed, introducing scholars to a number of unresolved challenges. The most cutting-edge specialized application areas are highlighted in particular. I offer significant research issues and prospective future directions in the field of telemedicine technology as I wrap up the survey report.
 Index Terms - VoIP, eHealth, Internet of Things, Communication Protocols and COVID-19
Internet of Things (IoT) Technologies, Applications, Challenges and Future Directions: A Survey
Pages: 26-34 (9) | [Full Text] PDF (546K)
Abeera Kainat, Rizwana Munir, M. Junaid Arshad
MS Computer Science, University of Engineering & Technology, Lahore

Abstract - The main aim of this paper is to discuss the IoT in a wider sense and prominence on protocols, technologies and application along related issues. The main factor IoT concept is the integration of different technologies. Recent development in Internet and smart phone and machine-to-machine M2M technologies can be considered first phase of the IoT. In the coming years IOT is expected to be one of the main hubs between various technologies by connecting smart physical objects together and allowing different applications in support of smart decision making. It becomes a main part of our life critical infrastructure bringing interconnection of heterogeneous devices in different aspects. Personal computing, sensing, surveillance, smart homes, entertainment, transportation and video streaming are examples, to name a few. In this paper, we provide an overview study of the IoT paradigm, its concepts, principles and potential benefits. Specifically, we focus on the IoT major technologies, emerging protocols, and widespread applications.
 Index Terms - Internet of Things (IoT), Service Oriented Architecture (SoA), Information Communication Technology (ICT), Machine to Machine (M2M), Smart Objects and Heterogeneous Devices

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